Honolulu Personal Injury Lawyer - Medical Malpractice

Investigation Of Contaminated Heparin Syringes Highlights Medication Safety Issues

Wayne Parsons — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 14:44:50 GMT

Heparin is a biological compound often used as an anticoagulant, administered to patients through a pre-prepared syringe. It minimizes the danger of such diseases as deep-vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and NSTEMI. Since its commercialization in 1936, Heparin has saved countless lives; a recent investigation in the Archive of Internal Medicine, however, suggests that Heparin injections have been responsible for a recent outbreak of bloodstream infections.

To be fair, the problem doesn’t lie with the heparin itself – it lies with the manner in which it is packaged and prepared. Approximately a year ago, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began examining incidents of bloodstream infections in health care facilities around the country. The infections took the form of Serratia marcescens, a fairly common bacteria that can often be found it people’s bathrooms and can, in especially serious situations, cause illnesses like meningitis and pneumonia. It appeared that the infection incidences corresponded with the source of the needles; a subsequent factory investigation revealed that manufacturer was not adhering to FDA standards. The company (whose name has been withheld) closed down all medical production and issued a voluntary recall. The dangerous needles are no longer on the market, but their existence has taught us some important lessons about drug regulation.

The authors of the investigation conclude that “close collaboration among federal agencies, public health authorities and clinicians was critical to the identification of the cause of this outbreak.” Furthermore, they suggest several preventative methods for the future. First, original manufacturer should label all of their products; currently, intermediary companies put their names on medical merchandise, making it difficult to trace equipment to its starting point. Second, since not all batches of the syringes contained infectious material, investigations must contain both epidemiologic and laboratory components (in case laboratory tests happen to use uncontaminated specimens). Most importantly, we must support the FDA. With the current trend towards medical globalization and the dangers it holds, it is more important than ever to sufficiently staff and fund this safety organization.

Originally posted at InjuryBoard by Wayne Parsons

Isn't Tort Reform Only About Frivolous Cases?

Wayne Parsons — Sun, 25 Oct 2009 14:08:03 GMT

If you listen to doctors complain that they need protection from lawsuit abuse and that the real problem in health care reform is defensive medicine and lawsuits driving up the cost of health care, you get the impression that this isn't about terrible medical care and real injuries. Well, what do you think about a doctor removing the wrong ovary? A Kansas doctor did that a law in Kansas says that a woman who sued the doctor for the horrible mistake can't recover more that $250,000 for that lost ovary. Let's have a show of hands ladies: how much is your left ovary worth? Now, how about the husbands?

Scott Rothschild of the Lawrence Journal has been covering this story and reports on an upcoming battle at the Kansas Supreme Court:

Seven years ago, Amy Miller, Eudora, went in for surgery for removal of her right ovary. Lawrence physician Dr. Carolyn Johnson removed Miller’s left ovary by mistake.

Miller sued, alleging medical malpractice. The dispute will land this week before the Kansas Supreme Court with arguments scheduled for Thursday.

The case has drawn some of the state’s biggest special interests, with doctors, insurers and businesses lined up against plaintiff’s attorneys, organized labor and other groups in a battle over whether it’s constitutional to place a legal limit on damages for pain and suffering.

In 2006, a Douglas County jury returned a verdict for Miller for $759,680.

That award included $250,000 for noneconomic losses; $150,000 for future noneconomic losses; $84,680 for medical expenses; $100,000 for future medical expenses, and $175,000 for loss or impairment of services as a spouse. Noneconomic losses are awarded for pain, suffering, disability, mental anguish and physical disfigurement.

But then-District Court Judge Steve Six knocked the award down, striking the $150,000 for future noneconomic losses because of a law that states noneconomic damages can’t go above $250,000. Six also struck down the $100,000 for future medical expenses.

Miller’s attorneys say the $250,000 cap, approved by the Kansas Legislature in 1988, is unconstitutional.

The cap usurps the jury’s role in calculating malpractice damages, infringes on the separate powers of the courts and hurts those with the worst injuries, argued Lawrence attorney William Skepnek.

Dr. Johnson admits the error:

It's not disputed that Johnson accidentally removed Miller's left ovary instead of the right one on Oct. 18, 2002, when Miller came in for surgery to relieve severe pain on the right side of her pelvis.

"I thought it was the right ovary. I don't have an explanation for how that happened. : I made a mistake," Johnson testified Thursday in Douglas County District Court.

The argument made by Miller's attorneys is that “Among the broad universe of all medical malpractice victims, the cap imposes special burdens only on those in greatest need of relief through the civil justice system.”

They call this a wrong site surgery case:

Such mistakes are common nationwide but underreported, according to a September article in the medical journal Archives of Surgery. The authors estimated there are from 1,200 to 2,700 surgeries per year that involve the wrong site on the body, wrong procedure or wrong patient.

"Despite a significant number of cases, reporting of (the cases) is virtually nonexistent, with reports in the lay press far more common than reports in the medical literature," an abstract of the article states. "Wrong-side/wrong-site, wrong-procedure, and wrong-patient adverse events, although rare, are more common than health care providers and patients appreciate."

The Kansas Chamber of Commerce puts the Miller case into its one-size-fits-all cap on damages that protects the doctors overly sensitive egos and saves billions for a boated out-of-control insurance insurance industry. In a choice between health and money, the AMA and the Chamber of Commerce and the doctors put money first and an ovary second. Someone has to sacrifice and women have been doing it for years so why not an ovary to put a few more dollars into pockets of doctors and their insurers:

“In these difficult and uncertain economic times, opponents of statutory limits to noneconomic damages are challenging one of the most important pieces of the tort reforms that fueled Kansas’ economic growth,” the chamber said in a written brief to the court.

Dr. Johnson claims that the jury was wrong because although Dr. Johnson was negligent in removing the wrong ovary, it would have had to be removed anyway in the future.

Steve Lombardi of Des Moines, Iowa has written a six-part series on the legal aspects of wrong site surgery cases: Part I - Wrong Site Surgeries - The Board of Medicine - The Surgeon

What do you think? Is your ovary worth only $250,000.

Originally posted at InjuryBoard by Wayne Parsons

Most See That Legal Reforms Are The Wrong Idea

Wayne Parsons — Mon, 19 Oct 2009 15:00:05 GMT

In an op-ed in the Houston Chronicle (10/16), N. Alex Winslow, executive director of Texas Watch, wrote, "Lately we have heard a lot...about Texas-style, anti-patient laws as a solution to our nation's health care crisis. When insurance lobbyists rammed through legal changes that were designed to severely limit the legal rights of Texas patients in 2003, we heard high-falutin' rhetoric promising dramatic improvements in the cost, access, and quality of health care. If only it were as simple as that." But in fact, "Health care costs have risen dramatically in Texas; we rank near the bottom in per-capita physicians; rural and underserved areas continue to struggle to attract new physicians; and Texas has the nation's highest rate of uninsured." Rather than "shifting accountability from those who cause needless death and injury to individuals and the taxpayers," Winslow argues we should favor "creating real safety standards, forcing industries to be accountable for their decisions, and restoring our constitutional legal protections."

Goldfarb: Alternatives to damage caps exist. In the "Pundits Blog" at The Hill (10/16), Ronald Goldfarb wrote, "There is a way to deal with the escalating costs of medical malpractice insurance without interfering with patients' damage awards at trials in medical cases." Goldfarb argues that an expanded use of Mortality and Morbidity Conferences, "protected from the adversary process, which would inhibit its freewheeling nature, could prevent repeated misconduct and lead to settlements without trials." Goldfarb also favors the use of "pretrial non-binding mediation."

Commentators call for tort reform. In an op-ed in Investor's Business Daily (10/16), Joe Nixon of the Texas Public Policy Foundation wrote, "The Obama administration wants to spend $25 million to figure out best practices in tort reform. A better idea would be to save the money and just adopt what Texas did six years ago to solve its medical malpractice lawsuit overabundance," and embrace tort reform. "These common-sense reforms have led to a massive increase in the accessibility of health care in Texas, huge growth in the capital infrastructure of hospitals and clinics, hundreds of millions of dollars more each year in charity care and Texas' adding more than 16,000 new doctors in just six years. And in reducing the actual number of suits to those in which claims are meritorious - a recent Harvard study concluded that up to 85% of all lawsuits brought against medical providers were frivolous - we have created a more equitable system of justice."

In an op-ed in the National Review Online (10/19), Edwin Meese III and Hans A. von Spakovsky of the Heritage Foundation write that the health-care bill the Senate Finance Committee approved will not "bring down the high cost of health care, which is driven in large measure by abusive tort litigation." The authors argue, "Any federal action should encourage, or at least be consistent with, state medical-malpractice reform." They comment, "There is a reason for the pro–trial lawyer bias evident throughout the "reform" proposals: The top contributor to President Obama's presidential campaign was the legal industry, whose donations came to more than $43 million."

Originally posted at InjuryBoard by Wayne Parsons

Insurance Reform Now!!

Wayne Parsons — Sat, 17 Oct 2009 13:29:09 GMT

The most important consumer legislation in the last 50 years is presently moving in Congress with Senator Patrick Leahy, VT. leading the way. Senator Leahy Submits Legislation For Insurance Reform - Wayne Parsons - October 16, 2009. The insurance industry is the most political, and many say the most politically corrupt, industry in the U.S. Congress is generally afraid of the insurance industry because they will pour unlimited funds into the next election to get rid of any elected official that dares cross them. Its all about money. Their motto?

We accept your premiums and deny your claims!

Senator Leahy has courage and he cares. We all must support him vocally in the battle that is about to happen as he takes on Big Insurance. Both President Clinton and President Obama ran for President with a promise to take on the insurance industry. President Clinton never got to first base on that vow and President Obama appears to be caving in to the pressure and making back room deals with Big Insurnace and the insurance lobby led by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and Karl Rove.

I was reminiscing about a similar battle years ago in California when Harvey Rosenfield took a grassroots initiative battle into the board rooms of the insurance companies in California. Prop 103 passed because Rosenfield asked the California voters what they thought about the insurance industry and their answer was loud and clear: stop insurance abuse and enact insurance reform!

Please support Senator Leahy and be vocal about insurance industry reform. Without vocal public participation the fat cats and robber barons will win the day.

Originally posted at InjuryBoard by Wayne Parsons

Senator Leahy Submits Legislation For Insurance Reform -

Wayne Parsons — Fri, 16 Oct 2009 12:20:58 GMT

In spite of all the hem-hawing and confusion surrounding American health care reform, one senator is taking initiative.

Senator Patrick Leahy, of Vermont, has recently introduced the Health Insurance Industry Antitrust Enforcement Act into Congress, which would eliminate current antitrust exemptions for the insurance industry, thereby making them function like almost every other business in America. Since 1945, health insurance companies have been exempt from anti-trust regulations, which has shielded them from many of the same free-market factors that affect other businesses in our country. According to Leahy,

The two key provisions of the Health Insurance Industry Antitrust Enforcement Act will repeal the federal antitrust exemption for health insurance and medical malpractice insurance companies for flagrant antitrust violations, including price-fixing, bid rigging, and market allocations, and subject health insurers and medical malpractice insurers to the same good-competition laws that apply to virtually every other company doing business in the United States.

This reform would greatly help the American people, since it would subject health insurance companies to the same effects of competition and good business that affect the rest of our country's economy. Since they would no longer be protected for mistreating their customers, they would have to compete to offer better service, which would lead to better health care coverage for average Americans who are now paying exorbitant premiums and being dropped by insurance companies at the first sign of physical ailment.

The Washington Independent quotes Robert Hunter one of the great commentators on the insurance industry:

... Robert Hunter, Director of Insurance for the Consumer Federation of America and former Federal Insurance Administrator under Presidents Ford and Carter, saw it differently. In his view, the antitrust exemption, intended initially to be temporary but made permanent during closed-door conference committee sessions of Congress more than 50 years ago, must be repealed to overcome the insurance industry’s anticompetitive practices that have led to higher prices and reduced services. “It is high time that insurers played by the same rules of competition as virtually all other commercial enterprises operating in America‘s economy,” he testified.

According to Hunter, health insurance companies have been able to consistently pay less on claims by agreeing to lower the amounts they reimburse doctors and hospitals for services; adopting similar clauses in their contracts that limit their liability in unfair and abusive ways; agreeing to cut back coverage to certain places, and using similar claims processing systems designed to systematically underpay claims.

As Hunter testified, federal authorities have recommended eliminating or cutting back the antitrust exemption for health insurers and medical malpractice insurers on at least four different occasions after studying it. But Congress has never taken that step, presumably due to the power of the insurance industry lobby.

With the soaring cost of health care now in the spotlight, this may finally be the right time.

As reported by The Pop Tort one of the best consumer Blogs that I follow, the upcoming battle with Big Insurance should be entertaining:

Attention all doctors who complain about the cost of insurance rates! An important hearing is being held right now by the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee that concerns two new bills that could ultimately eliminate your concerns in a heartbeat. The bills would repeal the anti-trust exemption under the McCarran-Ferguson Act, which makes insurance purveyors the only industry in America (other than Major League Baseball) exempt from federal anti-trust laws that prevent collusion and price-fixing.

The hearing, which is being carried live on the web at 10AM from the Dirksen Office Building (Rm 226), has been given the snappy title, “Prohibiting Price Fixing and Other Anticompetitive Conduct in the Health Insurance Industry,” and there’s an impressive line-up of witnesses, including Senate Majority leader Harry Reid (D-NV), and our friend and colleague, J. Robert Hunter, who is Director of Insurance of the Consumer Federation of America (CFA), former Commissioner of Insurance for the State of Texas, former Federal Insurance Administrator under Presidents Carter and Ford, and a co-author of several studies by the Americans for Insurance Reform (AIR), including the most recent one, True Risk: Medical Liability, Malpractice Insurance and Health Care.

If you are an American who loves the free-market system, do not sit by and let a company that is in charge of your health operate in a way that abuses your rights. Contact your local representative and tell them you support this bill.

Originally posted at InjuryBoard by Wayne Parsons

Insurance Reform Because Of Insurance Abuse

Wayne Parsons — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 13:22:07 GMT

The insurance industry has more money than any other force in American politics and their right wing conservative media forces, led by Limbaugh and O'Reilly are geared up to blitz the public with screaming attacks on the public option and a veiled opposition to anything that Congress might do to loosen their grips on control of American politics. To all the Congressmen and women out there: don't cave in to these bullies. We have your back and we'll have your back in the next election. A vote for the public option is a vote for competition in business.

Big insurance is exempt from Anti-Trust laws. Why is that? Its the double standard and there is no greater perversion than the double standard, regardless of the subject. At least 65% of the American public want to stop the greed and call Big Insurance into the room for a good scolding, some quiet time and probation until, they pay for their sins. And 65% of the American public is capable of, and will, un-elect any Senator or U.S. House Representative who votes against the public option. We're taking names. We won't forget.

That's important. You see, the ONLY thing that an elected politician really thinks about when casting vote is "Could this vote get me UNELECTED?". Sixty-five percent of Americans can un-elect anyone in Congress and in the White House. elected officials: you've been given notice.

The insurance industry does nothing to address the 98,000 Americans who die each year do to avoidable medical errors. Big insurance doesn't want to talk about how their private health insurance plans routinely cut off medical care to sick people and put the money into huge executive bonuses and lavish partying on yachts. The doctors never talk about how to save some of those 98,000 lives each year. All the doctors want to talk about is money. Their money.

The public can see this and the public is getting angry. I write these Blog posts and doctors write in saying that the system is too adversarial. They complain about doing unnecessary tests. Well an unnecessary test can't accuse one of the 98,000 avoidable errors that are killing Americans each year? When I point that out to a doctor who writes a Comment, they never respond with any facts or information to say it ain't so. Of course they have nothing to say because they have no facts. Its all about their fancy houses and their European vacations. It isn't about health. That's sad.

The Salt Lake Tribune (10/13) editorialized that the recent CBO report "estimated that a package of medical malpractice reforms could save the federal budget about $41 billion in health care costs and increase federal tax revenues another $13 billion, both over a 10-year period." But "to put the numbers into perspective, the CBO estimates that the package of reforms it studied would reduce total national health care spending by about .5 percent (one-half of 1 percent). When it comes to health care, any reduction in rocketing costs is a good thing, but reforming malpractice law is hardly a panacea. The other side of the coin is that doctors and hospitals regularly kill people through their negligence." The goal "should be to reform the process without denying people who have been injured or killed their day in court and just compensation."

CBO Report On Tort Reform And Health Care Flawed

Tort Reform Has No Place In Health Care Reform

Budget Office Misquoted on MalPractice Reform - by Robert Blanchard

Or go to the Center For Justice & Democracy website for all of the true facts about insurance reform. Their site The Pop Tort is a cause that everyone should join if power to the people is something that you really care about.

Originally posted at InjuryBoard by Wayne Parsons

CBO Report On Tort Reform And Health Care Flawed

Wayne Parsons — Mon, 12 Oct 2009 16:42:37 GMT

Orin Hatch may have gotten the headline that his powerful insurance industry CFO's wanted but the headline isn't supported by the data in the latest CBO report on tort reform and health care. Supporters of both reform of of the private health insurance industry and preservation of our system of justice still maintain the high ground and are supported in their efforts by th facts. The "new math" that Orin Hatch got from this CBO report is a twisted analysis of marginal studies, confusing at best and flat wrong in many instances.

The fact remains as it was when I wrote Tort Reform Has No Place In Health Care Reform, on September 17, 2009, that we need insurance reform. This battle over single payer and a public plan is about insurance companies and their CEO's like those AIG Executives who gave themselves millions of dollars of bonuses with the bailout money from taxpayers.

It isn't about doctors or hospitals. It is about who pays for the treatment you need and who decides whether you need the treatment. Today those decisions are made by non-medical staffers at your health insurance company - if you can afford health insurance. They decide what tests you get and what treatments. If your doctor disagrees she or he is overruled by some perky adjuster at the insurance company with a degree in literature and not a clue about medicine. Inside the halls of the marble clad insurance buildings its all about money. Their motto?

"We accept your premiums and DENY your claims!"

I read the CBO Report and it doesn't support the headline about tort reform. Will major media read it critically? Will any of the journalists at the wall Street Journal actually dig into the report? Maybe. But I doubt that they will analyze it because to do so would force them to agree that the report doesn't say what it is advertised to say.

The Los Angeles Times (10/10, Hart), however, puts a different interpretation on the report, saying the analysis shows the savings would be "far lower than advocates have estimated," and would be "unlikely to cut healthcare spending significantly."

The Washington Post (10/10, Montgomery, 684K) reports Congressional Budget Office analysts said lawmakers "could save as much as $54 billion over the next decade by imposing an array of new limits on medical malpractice lawsuits -- 10 times more than previously estimated." In a letter to Sen. Orrin Hatch, CBO Director Douglas Elmendorf said new research "shows that legal reforms would not only lower malpractice insurance premiums for medical providers, but also would spur providers to save money by ordering fewer tests and procedures aimed primarily at defending their decisions in court."

Looking at the specifics of the CBO report, Joanne Doroshow of The Center For Justice & Democracy (CJ&D) exposes the strained logic and marginal supporting data:

More could die and be injured, yet the costs of newly injured are ignored. Inasmuch as these kinds of extreme “tort reform” would weaken the deterrent potential of the tort system, (which even CBO acknowledges but does not consider in its cost calculations), with accompanying increases in cost and physician utilization inherent in caring for newly maimed patients and for care which ultimately leads to more deaths, it seems responsible for CBO to make legitimate claims of potential savings until it knows those added costs.

Deaths. Shockingly, the report admits that “imposing limits on [the right to sue for damages] might be expected to have a negative impact on health outcomes,” yet brushes aside the significance of this not because it is untrue, but because it says there are too few studies on the topic. Yet of the three studies that do address the issue of mortality, CBO notes that one study finds such tort restrictions would lead to a .2 percent increase in the nation’s overall death rate. If true, that would be an additional 4,853 Americans killed every year by medical malpractice, or 48,250 Americans over the ten-year period CBO examines.

Injuries. Based on these same numbers, another 400,000 or more patients could be injured during the 10 years examined by CBO given that one in ten injured patients die as shown in a study of California hospitals cited in Tom Baker, The Medical Malpractice Myth, University of Chicago Press, 2005. The costs of errors, which the Institute of Medicine already puts at “$17 billion and $29 billion, of which health care costs represent over one-half,” would clearly increase. Consider, for example, that the average length of stay per hospitalization is around 4.4 days and the average cost per day in the hospital is around $2,000 per day per injury. Consider those costs on top of physician utilization inherent in caring for these new patients. And those costs do not consider lost contributions to the workforce and tax revenues for the most seriously injured who cannot work, or for those who have died.

Other studies not considered by CBO show the beneficial impact of lawsuits on health outcomes. For example, in one August 2009 study, researcher found that in 86 percent of obstetrical cases they examined, “improved health outcomes associated with medical malpractice pressure” led to cost-savings in the health sector and these cost-saving exceeded any marginal costs of defensive medicine, leading also to “an improvement in net social benefits rather than a decline, as should be the case for defensive medicine,” according to Praveen Dhankhar, Mahmud Khan, “Threat of Malpractice Lawsuit, Physician Behavior and Health Outcomes: A re-evaluation of practice of ‘Defensive Medicine’ in Obstetric Care,” Tulane University - Health System Management Area, August, 03 2009.

In a Blog at The Hill (10/9), Jeffrey Young wrote that the report "gave a notable boost...to backers of capping medical malpractice lawsuits." But "with a Democratic president and Democrats in control of Congress, passing any bill that would limit how much money patients can win in lawsuits against doctors is highly unlikely. Democrats contend it would be unfair to curb the rights of wronged patients to seek restitution." However "if Democrats do ignore the CBO's findings, they would also open themselves to Republican attacks that the party is beholden to its allies in the trial bar."

In the "Health Blog" at the Wall Street Journal (10/9), Jacob Goldstein noted that the CBO report said that it was unclear whether reducing liability would affect patients' health outcomes. The New York Post (10/10, Campanile) also covered the story.

Originally posted at InjuryBoard by Wayne Parsons

Home Health Care Nursing Risks Face The Elderly

Wayne Parsons — Mon, 12 Oct 2009 15:49:13 GMT

When it comes to elderly care, most of us immediately worry about the living conditions of the patient. Are his nurses treating him well? Does she receive the attention and stimulation that she needs? These are important questions, but they only tell half of the story. As a recent study from the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health reveals, we must also pay attention to the health and welfare of the nurses themselves.

Home healthcare is the fastest growing healthcare sector in the United States. Although few studies have examined the conditions of employees in the industry, the results from Columbia provide grounds for concern. More than seven out of every 100 nurses have suffered (or, based on statistical analysis and projections, will suffer in the future) a needle-stick injury, meaning that over 100,000 of these injuries occur in an average year. Considering that dirty needles can transfer AIDS, hepatitis, and a host of other blood-borne pathogens, it seems worthwhile to examine ways to improve working situations inside patient’s homes.

The study revealed several risk factors for increased injury incidence. Smoke, pollution, pests, and just plain dirtiness were all found to elevate rates of needle-sticks. Additionally, nurses who had been exposed to acts of violence were more than three times as likely to accidentally hurt themselves.

This problem will not be easy to fix. The home healthcare industry is largely unregulated, and, even though nurses are almost always expected to notify health care officials if they find breaches of sanitary or hygienic standards, they are under almost no obligations to report violence. The only solution, it seems, is self-regulation. Healthier, happier nurses means healthier, happier, patients, a correlation that will become especially important our elderly population continues to expand.

Originally posted at InjuryBoard by Wayne Parsons

Parasite protein linked to cancer

Wayne Parsons — Sun, 11 Oct 2009 20:02:25 GMT

Cholangiocarcinoma is a deadly cancer of the bile ducts. When it is diagnosed, the doctor usually says that there is nothing that can be done: no treatment, no cure, nothing. This the cancer that killed Walter Peyton the football player, and it killed my beautiful wife Valerie last year.

New research out of Australia is opening doors to possible treatments and hopefully new cures. But before I go on with this story about the protein granulin, I want to tell you that there is a cure and warn you that most doctors don't know about it, or if they do, won't tell you about it.

Dr. William C. Chapman, M.D., the great transplant surgeon at Washington University in St. Louis and Barnes-Jewish Hospital , has been compiling a list of success stories for patients with Cholangiocarcinoma for the past 5 years. Dr. Chapman worked closely with a team of doctors at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota who found that if they did an elaborate treatment with chemotherapy and radiation, followed by liver transplant, the bile duct cancer does not return. The Mayo Clinic or Barnes-Jewish Hospital websites provider more information. Also read the posts at Cholangiocarcinoma.Org a great resource for patients, families, doctors and health writers.

Annabel McGilvray of ABC reports that scientists have identified the protein in a fish borne organism that is a cause of one of the most deadly cancers _ Cholangiocarcinoma. The liver fluke is an organism found in fish. It can be killed by cooking but when the fish is eaten raw or not thoroughly cooked, it creates a high probability of causing a deadly cancer to grow in the epithelial lining of the bile duct that goes through the human liver and pancreas. Liver Flukes and the protein they carry are not the only cause of Cholangiocarcinoma but everyone should think about them before eating raw or undercooked fish, particularly in Southeast Asia.

The human liver fluke is endemic in areas where uncooked fish containing the parasite forms a substantial part of the diet (Source: Chaiwat Subprasom/Reuters)

A protein secreted by liver fluke has been directly linked to the development of one of the worst forms of cancer _ bile duct cancer also known as Cholangiocarcinoma according to new Australian research.

Researchers at the Queensland Institute of Medical Research, found that granulin, a protein and growth hormone, is produced by the human liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrine) and has been shown to cause uncontrolled growth in human cells.

The findings, published today in the journal PLoS Pathogens, are the first to show that a growth hormone from a parasite can influence surrounding human cells.

"As far as we know this is the first report of a pathogen secreting a granulin that acts outside of its body on its host's cells," says research supervisor, Dr Alex Loukas.

The human liver fluke is common in areas where uncooked fish containing the parasite forms a substantial part of the diet.

In northern Thailand up to 8 million people are infected with the fluke and, according to Loukas, as many as 1 in 6 will develop cancer of the bile ducts, known as Cholangiocarcinoma.

Loukas says Cholangiocarcinoma is the most common form of cancer in northern Thailand and the surrounding region, occurring at 10 to 20 times the rate of prevalence elsewhere.

Prior to the discoveries in Australia it was thought that damage to the bile duct lining was due to the fluke feeding on the lining, combined with the effect of carcinogenic compounds found in fermented fish widely eaten in South East Asia. Now it looks like the protein granulin is produced by the flukes as a way to heal the wounds caused by its feeding, and that process may be the major cause of Cholangiocarcinoma.

Loukas is looking for a vaccine to use on children that will attack the parasite and prevent the parasite infecting children in the first place.

"Using animal models in the future, we will look at could this granulin molecule secreted be the basis of a vaccine for human use," he says.

"If we can really focus control programs we should perhaps be selective and knock this parasite out in young children, because the people who develop cancer are the older people who have been infected for many years."

The findings may also be used in the search for a treatment for a second most carcinogenic parasite, the Schistosoma haematobium, which affects an estimated 200 million people in sub-tropical areas of Africa and is closely linked to bladder cancer.

Originally posted at InjuryBoard by Wayne Parsons

Do Private Health Insurance Practices Causes Decline In Health Care Quality?

Wayne Parsons — Sat, 10 Oct 2009 11:08:11 GMT

Science Daily reports on 09 October 2009 that "[t]he cost and quality of health care, as well as access to care and health outcomes, continue to vary widely among states, according to the Commonwealth Fund Commission " The Commonwealth Fund Commission is a private foundation working toward a high performance health system. This is it's second rating of the various states. In their report "Aiming Higher: Results from a State Scorecard on Health System Performance, 2009".

Leading states in the 2007 report still lead, disparities are great and the gap is widening. That means the quality of your health care depends on where you live in the United States. That's why we need national health care and a public option. I suspect that the driving factor in this is the insurance company denials of paying for quality and necessary treatment and tests. It isn't that we have too much health care in the form of rampant defensive medicine. Its that some adjuster at a big insurance company is denying a lot of patients and their doctors necessary treatment. This rationing of medical care by private health insurance companies is making America sick. The report confirms my support for a single payer public plan for health insurance, AND reform of insurance law and strict regulation of private insurance companies.

Since the beginning of the decade, insurance coverage in most states has been eroding for adults while increasing or holding steady for children. This divergence reflects the impact of federal action to expand coverage for children through the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); rates of uninsured children in 2008 were the lowest since 1987. Nevertheless, high and rising rates of uninsured adults in many states underscore the need for comprehensive national reform to expand coverage in all states, and to further the gains made in Massachusetts, Vermont, and other states that have taken a lead in enacting reforms.

Private health insurance in the United States has failed. While the insurance industry is hugely profitable, the doctors are not being fairly reimbursed for treatments and the CFO's of the insurance companies are directing widespread denials of treatment to patients. Who are these insurance executives anyway? They aren't doctors so why can they make treatment decisions? It isn't defensive medicine that is a problem, its the money hungry insurance executives that are hurting people. Maybe they could use a good dose of lawsuit abuse.

While health insurance coverage for adults declined in a majority of states, the only improvements occurred when government support was implemented such as in health coverage for children. The Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP).

A new bill signed into law by President Obama makes millions of children eligible to receive health insurance.

If your kids do not have health insurance, they are likely to be eligible, even if you are working and even if you have applied in the past and been turned down.

Your state (and every state) has its own program, with its own eligibility rules, but in many states, uninsured children 18 years old and younger, whose families earn up to $44,500 a year (for a family of four) are eligible for free or low-cost health insurance that pays for

Doctor visits, Dental care, Prescription medicines, Hospitalizations and much more.

Find out if your child qualifies.
Go to Your State's Program or make a free call to 1-877-KIDS-NOW.

Looking at overall health care in 2009, Vermont, Hawaii, Iowa, Minnesota, Maine, and New Hampshire lead the nation and these states set new standards on most indicators. Conversely, low states have declined in most areas.

"Leading states have raised the bar for better access, quality of care, and reducing disparities," said Commonwealth Fund Senior Vice President and study co-author Cathy Schoen. "Where you live in the U.S. matters in terms of your health care, and it shouldn't. These wide and persistent gaps among states highlight the need for national reforms and federal action to support states. National leadership has been critical for children– particularly for states with historically high rates of children uninsured— so we know that strong national efforts can make a real difference even in struggling states."

The sharp variation across states spans access, quality of care, costs, and lives. For example, rates of hospital readmissions (within 30 days of a previous hospital stay) among Medicare beneficiaries ranged from a high of 23 percent of hospital admissions in Nevada to a low of 13 percent in Oregon. The percent of adult diabetics getting recommended preventive care ranged from a low of 33 percent in Mississippi to a high of 67 percent in Minnesota as of 2006-07, a new high. On these and other measures, the lowest ranked states would have to improve 40 percent to 100 percent on average to achieve the performance of top ranking states.

Here's what would happen if the low states caught up:

Twenty-nine million more people would have health insurance—cutting the number of uninsured by more than half;

Nearly 78,000 fewer adults and children would die prematurely every year from conditions that could have been prevented with timely and effective health care;

Nine million more adults age 50 and older would receive recommended preventive care, and almost 800,000 more children would receive key vaccinations;

Five billion dollars could be saved annually by avoiding preventable hospital admissions and readmissions for vulnerable elderly and disabled residents.

It isn't all bad news. Most states improved in treatment for heart attack, heart failure, pneumonia, and prevention of surgical complications. And the lowest states have improved in some areas to what the average was in 2007. In addition, most states improved significantly in the quality of care in nursing homes (reductions in pressure sores, pain, and use of restraints) following a national effort to make that data publicly available. Wouldn't it be nice if the reason was that doctors and nurses made this improvement on their own? Why does it only happen when the poor quality is exposed to public view. lawsuits and news stories are the only tools that force change. That's why tort reform has no place in health care reform.

"The differences we see among the states translate to real lives and dollars," said Commonwealth Fund President Karen Davis. "If we can enact health reforms that give all states the opportunity to do as well as the best states we will save lives, improve quality, and cut costs. And, the good news is that these aren't pie in the sky goals—we know they are attainable because we see it happening in the states at the top of the pack."

Here are the declines in health insurance coverage from the private sector:

In 1999-2000 there were only two states with 23 percent or more of adults uninsured, by 2007-2008 there were nine. In 1999-2000, 22 states had less than 14 percent of adults uninsured; by 2007-2008 the number dropped to only 11 states. Children fared much better—due in large part to the CHIP program. The number of states with 16 percent or more of children uninsured dropped from nine to three between 1999-2000 and 2007-2008.

Gaps in coverage between states were particularly stark, with 32 percent of working-age adults uninsured in Texas compared to only 7 percent in Massachusetts as of 2007-2008. Several states stood out in terms of health insurance coverage expansions, as part of comprehensive reforms. Massachusetts, which had only begun to implement its universal health insurance program during the period covered by the State Scorecard, had the greatest increase in coverage for adults and gains in coverage for children. The reforms passed by Vermont in 2006 to cover the uninsured and establish a "blueprint for health" focused on preventing and controlling chronic disease are providing a new model for other states. And, Minnesota has achieved high rates of adult coverage and better preventive care through public–private collaboration.

The 2009 state scorecard includes 38 indicators grouped into five dimensions of performance—access, prevention/treatment quality, avoidable hospital use and costs, equity, and healthy lives. The analysis ranks states on each indicator and then averages the indicator ranks to determine the dimension rank. Dimension scores determine the overall rank. Equity measures the gaps in performance between vulnerable groups and the national average.

The Commonwealth Fund is a private foundation supporting independent research on health policy reform and a high performance health system.

Hawaii health care is at the top of this review and is an example of how to do things right. A separate report gives details of 7 top states and why they rank at the top: "Aiming Higher for Health System Performance: A Profile of Seven States That Perform Well on The Commonwealth Fund's 2009 State Scorecard".

Hawaii: An Early Quest for Coverage

Hawaii has one of the healthiest populations in the nation, as measured by the Commonwealth Fund’s
State Scorecard on Health System Performance, 2009 (Table 5). Compared with most states, fewer people in Hawaii smoke and are overweight or obese, and more people are engaged in regular physical activity, which is not a surprise given the state’s natural beauty and diverse geography. However, Hawaii also has its share of health-related challenges. For example, Hawaii has the highest incidence of breast cancer of all 50 states, but it also has the lowest death rates for breast cancer. How is that possible? Hawaii’s residents have excellent access to primary and preventive care, say the states health experts, and that reduces preventable mortality and enables early identification and management of chronic disease.

Hawaii also has had mandatory health insurance for all employees since 1974 and that system is singularly distinguishable across the country. If you wonder how our little states can afford this, it actually saves money because with everyone in the system the numbers make the insurance side of the system more efficient just like national health insurance reform would do in a single payer public plan.

Originally posted at InjuryBoard by Wayne Parsons